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While research on the therapeutic and preventive effects of spermidine on DED conditions is limited, it remains considerable to investigate the potential of spermidine to enhance tear film stability through its impact on the lipid layer, thereby reducing excessive tear evaporation

Relative mRNA expression of Gclm (p = 0.0026), Hmox1 , Nqo1 , and Slc7a11 (d) and representative immunohistochemistry of indicated proteins (e) in Gclc WT and Gclc KO tumors (n = 6 representative from 3 independent experiments)

doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(85)13064-8

Savage DG, Lindenbaum J

At 28 days after onset of hypoperfusion, rats treated with L-carnitine had increased phosphorylated Akt and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), as well as increased levels of phosphorylated high-molecular weight neurofilament (pNFH) compared to vehicle treated rats [86]

There were no significant differences in other postoperative complications, urine output, length of ICU stay, and mortality